On opening day, an estimated crowd of 99,500 people streamed
through the doors of the newest Sears retail store. Located on
the "Six Corners" intersection of Milwaukee, Cicero
and Irving Park Roads, officials reported that the throng of
people around the store made traffic and walking conditions
almost impossible to navigate.
This was not the only time the Irving Park store experienced
an overwhelming stampede of customers. During the Second World
War, the store was invaded by an "attacking force" of
15,000 shoppers after word got out that the store had acquired a
supply of war-scarce merchandise. In a humorous look at the
March 19, 1943 "invasion," the Chicago Tribune
reported the following:
The attack started promptly at 9:30 a.m., Sears’
opening hour. Elbows and feet swung freely as the sale
soldiers pushed their way through the aisles, riding
roughshod over any opposition, to establish beachheads in
all the aisles. Once through the doors, the forces split
into a furious pincers movement.
The left flank, marshalling its strength, wiped out the
alarm clock sector in 15 minutes; a couple hundred of those
prize articles were sold by the brave clerks.
The right flank encircled the hosiery counter, seeking
51-gauge rayons. As the vanguard obtained one pair apiece,
they climbed over the supporting troops in the rear, and
retired to rest.
The spearhead stormed the escalators, bound for the sheets on
the second floor. When the escalators stopped, they ran up. They
went around the rope obstruction meant to keep them in orderly
fashion. They brushed aside the store manager, W.W. Simmons, who
was trying to maintain order. In half an hour the besieged sheet
supplies were exhausted.
The $1,000,000 store, designed by Chicago architects Nimmons,
Carr & Wright was the first of the company’s gigantic
solid-walled stores in Chicago and featured the largest display
window in the city at the time. Unlike previous Sears stores
that relied on windows for light and air circulation, the Irving
Park store incorporated the company’s newest store design
concepts and was built without windows, utilizing artificial
light and air conditioning.
The new windowless department store concept emerged in 1932
after Sears created a Store Planning and Display Department.
This new department planned layouts for stores, diagrammed all
display sections, and suggested space allocations for the
various lines of merchandise. The department studied customer’s
habits, flow of traffic into and through stores and sales
records by stores and, on a national basis, by lines and
departments. The department developed special lighting and
display fixtures designed for optimum presentation of the
merchandise.
The 1938 Store Planning and Display booklet, Profits Out
of Space stated:
Only recently, say in the last ten years, has display
graduated from the role of the shabby, often neglected
little step-sister of advertising. Comparatively speaking,
only recently has it come to the serious and scientific
attention of forward looking store executives. And out of
this recent recognition comes a whole new concept of
retailing tactics. Facts, not fancy, now dominate display
and it has become as exact a science as intensive research
and statistical work can make it…
Especially in a Sears store is the importance of visual
selling at its highest. We just can’t afford a salesperson
for every potential customer that comes in. We’re
out-numbered and in the interest of economical operation and
low selling prices we must approach the
"self-service" setup as closely as possible.
Display becomes doubly important—good display becomes
doubly profitable.
The Store Planning and Display Department insisted that
serious attention focus upon factors over which the company
could exercise control. First, a strict definition of the
departments and of the number of price lines a store carried in
relation to sales was developed. Second, a complete survey was
completed showing what divisions were profitable and why, and
what divisions were over- or underspaced. Third, a thorough
examination of the merchandise presentation of each individual
unit, plus a traffic picture showing the number of transactions,
the average transaction, and other data pertinent to the nature
and density of the business was undertaken. Finally, each store’s
"profit history" was studied to determine what
percentage of profits could justifiably be put back into the
store for remodeling or enlarging.
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